English Connectives – Cause, Effect, Contrast & Condition | PrepMyEnglish
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English Connectives: Cause & Effect, Contrast, Purpose & Condition

Les Connecteurs logiques en anglais : Cause, Contraste, But et Condition

A complete bilingual lesson covering all connectives from Chapter 19 — with grammar rules, examples, a summary table, and a free 20-question practice quiz.

1. Cause & Effect Connectives

because · because of · due to · since · now that · therefore · consequently · so
Adverb Clause Words — followed by subject + verb
becausesincenow that
because / since / now that introduce an adverb clause (subject + verb). They answer the question "Why?"
📌 A comma is used when the adverb clause comes first.
Because + S + V , S + V .orS + V + because + S + V .
English
Because it was cold, we stayed home.
Since the elevator was broken, we walked up.
Now that she has graduated, she is looking for a job.
Prepositional Phrases — followed by a noun / noun phrase
because ofdue todue to the fact that
because of / due to are phrasal prepositions — followed by a noun, NOT by subject + verb.
📌 due to the fact that is followed by a subject + verb (more formal).
English
We stayed home because of the cold weather.
The game was canceled due to heavy rain.
The train was delayed due to the fact that there was a signal failure.
⚠️ Erreur fréquente :Because of she was tired → ✅ Because she was tired ou Because of her tiredness
Transitions & Conjunctions — expressing result
thereforeconsequentlyso
therefore / consequently are transitions meaning "as a result." A period ends the first sentence. They are movable in the second sentence.
so is a conjunction — connects two clauses with a comma.
PatternEnglish
S+V. Therefore, S+V.It rained. Therefore, we stayed home.
S+V, so S+V.It rained, so we stayed home.
S+V. S, consequently, V.The store was closed. I, consequently, went elsewhere.
📊

2. So … That / Such … That

Expressing cause and degree of result
so + adj/adv + thatsuch (a) + noun + thatso many/few/much/little + that
so…that = so + adjective or adverb + that
such…that = such + (a/an) + adjective + noun + that
📌 Use so with adjectives/adverbs alone. Use such when a noun follows. that can be omitted in speech.
StructureEnglish
so + adj + thatThe test was so easy that everyone passed.
such a + adj + nounIt was such a hot day that we canceled tennis.
such + adj + nounIt was such nice weather that we went to the zoo.
so + adv + thatShe speaks so fast that I can't understand her.
so many + noun + thatShe made so many mistakes that she failed.
so little + noun + thatHe had so little time that he skipped lunch.
🎯

3. Expressing Purpose

in order to · so that
in order toso thatin order that
in order to + base verb = expresses purpose ("For what reason?")
so that + subject + modal (can/could/will/would/won't) = also expresses purpose but includes a subject.
📌 can/will = present/future · could/would = past
StructureEnglish
in order to + verbShe woke up early in order to catch the first train.
so that + canI'll cash a check so that I can buy my textbooks.
so that + couldShe turned down the TV so that her roommate could sleep.
so that + won'tI'll take my umbrella so that I won't get wet.
😮

4. Contrast – Unexpected Result

although · even though · though · nevertheless · nonetheless · however · despite · in spite of
Adverb Clause Words
althougheven thoughthough
These three are interchangeable — "despite the fact that." The result is surprising or unexpected.
English
Even though it was cold, I went swimming.
Although she didn't study much, she passed.
He ate the food even though he didn't like it.
Transitions
neverthelessnonethelesshowever
Come at the beginning of the second sentence. Separated by a period, followed by a comma.
English
It was cold. Nevertheless, I went swimming.
The hotel was expensive. However, the service was excellent.
Prepositions — followed by a noun or gerund
despitein spite ofdespite the fact that
despite / in spite of → noun or gerund only. Add "the fact that" for a full clause.
English
I went swimming despite the cold. ✅
He failed despite practicing for months. ✅
I swam despite the fact that it was cold. ✅
⚠️ Erreur fréquente :Despite she was tired → ✅ Despite being tired ou Despite the fact that she was tired
↔️

5. Direct Contrast

while · whereas · but · however · on the other hand
whilewhereasbuthoweveron the other hand
These connectives show direct contrast — "this is the opposite of that." Not about unexpected results, but about two things simply being different or opposite.
English
Mary is rich, while John is poor.
Extroverts like to talk, whereas introverts prefer to listen.
Florida is warm; however, Alaska is cold.
Tom is outgoing. His sister, on the other hand, is shy.
🔐

6. Expressing Condition

unless · only if · even if · whether or not · otherwise · or else
unlessonly ifeven ifwhether or not
unless = if not · only if = the only circumstance · even if = regardless of condition · whether or not = true in both situations
ConnectiveEnglish
unlessYou can't enter unless you have an invitation.
only ifI'll lend you money only if you pay me back.
even ifShe'll attend the event even if it rains.
whether or notShe will come whether or not the weather is good.
otherwiseor else
otherwise / or else = "if not / sinon" — used as a warning or consequence after the main statement.
English
I always eat breakfast. Otherwise, I get hungry during class.
Hurry up, or else we'll miss the train.
Save your work, otherwise you'll lose it.
📋

7. Summary – All Connectives at a Glance

Function Type Connectives Followed by
Cause & EffectAdverb clausebecause, since, now thatsubject + verb
Prepositionbecause of, due tonoun / noun phrase
Transition / Conjunctiontherefore, consequently, sonew sentence / clause
Degree + ResultClause structureso…that, such…thatadj / noun + that
PurposeInfinitive / Clausein order to, so thatbase verb / subject + modal
Unexpected ContrastAdverb clausealthough, even though, thoughsubject + verb
Transitionnevertheless, nonetheless, howevernew sentence
Prepositiondespite, in spite ofnoun / gerund
Direct ContrastClause / Transitionwhile, whereas, however, on the other handsubject + verb / new sentence
ConditionClause / Transitionunless, only if, even if, whether or not, otherwise, or elsesubject + verb / new sentence

🧠 Ready to Test Yourself? Two Quizzes Available!

Choose your level: the General English quiz tests connectives in everyday contexts, while the TOEIC & Linguaskill Business quiz uses professional and corporate sentences — the exact style found in TOEIC Part 5 & 6 and Linguaskill Business.

📘 Quiz 1 of 2

General English – Connectives Quiz

Everyday sentences · 20 random questions from a 50-question bank · No right/wrong shown until the end · Full correction + downloadable PDF

💼 Quiz 2 of 2

TOEIC & Linguaskill Business – Connectives Quiz

Professional & corporate sentences · TOEIC Part 5 & 6 style · 20 random questions from a 75-question bank · Score band estimate included

🎯 TOEIC Part 5 & 6 📊 Linguaskill Business 💳 CPF Éligible
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La liste des Connectuers Logiques - mots de liaison en anglais + Exercices

Les mots de liaison en anglais sont des mots qui relient des idées au sein d’une même phrase ou d’un même paragraphe. Ils sont largement utilisés en anglais car ils aident à unir nos idées et donnent une cohérence au texte. Si nous les utilisons de manière incorrecte, nous pouvons totalement changer le sens de la phrase et causer de la confusion, il est donc important de savoir comment ils fonctionnent. Dans cet article, nous allons étudier des de Linking Words avec des exemples pour les bien maitriser

Utiliser les mots de Liaison en anglais = "Linking Words" en Anglais

1. Des mots de liaison du temps en anglais - Time

Ils sont utilisés pour déterminer quand l’action se produit.

  • Before

” We went home before 5.00 p.m. “

“Nous sommes rentrés chez nous avant 17h00”

  • After

” She went to bed after she had dinner “

“Elle s’est couchée après avoir pris son dîner”

  • Until (Jusqu’à)

“John was working until 8.00 p.m.”

“John a travaillé jusqu’à 20h00”

  • Since (depuis et depuis que)

“I haven’t seen my uncle since 2017 “

“J’ai pas vu mon oncle depuis 2017”

“I have lived in Lyon since I was born”

“J’habite à Lyon depuis que je suis né/e”

  • When (quand)

“When I finish my course I’ll call you”

“Je vous appellerais quand je fini mon cours”

  • While (Pendant que/Lorsque)

“While I was reading a story my wife was watching TV “

“Lorsque que j’étais en train de lire un conte, ma femme était train de regarder la télé”

2. ENDROIT - Place

Indique le lieu, où quelque chose se passe ou bien où elle se trouve.

  • Where (Où)

“Do you remember that restaurant where you had a nice steak?”

“Rappelez-vous ce restaurant où vous aviez un excellent steak ?”

  • Wherever 

“You can go wherever you want”

3. CONTRASTE

Ces mots de liaison sont utilisés pour contraster entre deux phrases ou idées qui sont en opposition ou qui représentent simplement un changement d’idée vers un autre sujet. Certains d’entre eux sont :

  • Though (Bien que, cependant)

“Steve could play the violin though he was only seven”

“Steve savait jouer du violon même s’il n’avait que 7 ans”

  • Although (bien que)

“She came to the party although she wasn’t invited”

“Elle est venu à la fête bien qu’elle ne soit pas invitée”

  • Whether Si (oui, tellement oui)

“C’était une super émission, que vous vouliez participer ou simplement regarder”

“C’était une super émission, que vous vouliez participer ou simplement la regarder”

  • However (cependant)
  • Nevertheless (néanmoins)
  • Yet (Pourtant)
  • On the other hand (d’autre part)
  • On the contrary (au contraire)
  • Instead (au lieu de)
  • In any case (en tout cas, en tout cas)
  • All the same (de toute façon, tout de même)

4. SIMILARITE

Ils sont à l’opposé des précédents : ils sont utilisés pour refléter la similitude entre des idées ou des phrases. Nous soulignons :

  • Likewise (également)
  • In the same way (De la même manière)
  • Also (aussi)
  • As well
  • Too

5. RESULTAT

   Ils sont utilisés pour exprimer le résultat d’une action, c’est-à-dire « à cause de cela » « cela » se produit. Ils Indiquent la conséquence :

  • As a result (en résultat)
  • Therefore (Par conséquent, plus tard)
  • Thus (Ainsi)
  • Accordingly (en conséquence,)

6. SEQUENCE

Ils indiquent l’ordre des événements. Ils sont utilisés pour ordonner des phrases et construire des idées dans l’ordre, indiquant ce qui se passe en premier et ce qui suit. Nous trouvons :

  • First, first of all, in the first place (Tout d’abord, en premier lieu)
  • Pour commencer (premier, premier)
  • To begin with (Pour une chose, d’abord)
  • Second, secondly, in the second place (Deuxièmement, en deuxième lieu)
  • Third, Thirdly, in the third place (Troisièmement, en troisième lieu)
  • Also, Besides, Futhermore, Moreover, In addition (Aussi, en plus, en plus, en plus, en plus)
  • Last, Lastly, Last of all (Dernièrement, enfin, dernier de tous)

7. ORDRE D'IMPORTANCE

    Ils sont très similaires aux précédents et servent également à indiquer l’ordre, à indiquer la chose la plus importante, à ce qui est prioritaire. Nous trouvons :

  • Most importantly (Le plus important)
  • Primarily (principalement, fondamentalement)
  • Above all (surtout, avant tout)
  • Essentially, basically (Essentiellement, fondamentalement)

8. PARTICULARISATION

Ils sont utilisés pour indiquer quelque chose de concret, pour souligner quelque chose de spécifique. Ils sont :

  • In particular, particularly (en particulier)
  • More specifically (plus spécifiquement)

Apprenez l’anglais en présentiel ou à distance avec un professeur anglophone, expérimenté en utilisant votre droit de formation le CPF. Nous avons divers formations et cours d’anglais financés par le CPF qui repondent à vos besoins spécifiques de l’anglais de votre domaine professionnel. 

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