a/an and the | Unit 72 | PrepMyEnglish
PrepMyEnglish
Accueil English Grammar Unit 72 — a/an and the
Unit 72 · Grammar Lesson
Unité 72 · Leçon de Grammaire

a/an and the
First mention · Specific reference · the bank/doctor · once a week — Complete Guide
a/an et the
Première mention · Référence spécifique · the bank/doctor · once a week — Guide Complet

Master the difference between a/an (first mention, general type) and the (specific, known reference) — including the bank, the cinema, the doctor and expressions like once a week.

Maîtrisez la différence entre a/an (première mention, type général) et the (référence spécifique, connue) — y compris the bank, the cinema, the doctor et les expressions comme once a week.

A2 – B1 4 Rules · 4 Exercises · 200-Q Quiz · PDF 4 Règles · 4 Exercices · Quiz 200 Q · PDF 🇬🇧 EN / 🇫🇷 FR

We use a/an the first time we mention something, or when we talk about one thing among many. We use the when it is clear which specific thing or person we mean — either because we have already mentioned it, or because the context makes it obvious (e.g. the only one that exists, or the one in this room).

Nous utilisons a/an la première fois que nous mentionnons quelque chose, ou quand nous parlons d’une chose parmi d’autres. Nous utilisons the quand il est clair de quelle chose ou personne spécifique nous parlons — soit parce que nous l’avons déjà mentionnée, soit parce que le contexte le rend évident (l’unique qui existe, ou celle qui est dans cette pièce).

A

First Mention → a/an · Second Mention → the

Première mention → a/an · Deuxième mention → the

When you introduce something for the first time, use a/an. After that, use the because both speaker and listener know which thing is meant.

Quand vous introduisez quelque chose pour la première fois, utilisez a/an. Ensuite, utilisez the car le locuteur et l’auditeur savent désormais de quoi il s’agit.

1st mention:1re mention : I had a sandwich and an apple for lunch.
2nd mention:2e mention : The sandwich wasn’t very good, but the apple was nice.

a/an — first mention

a/an — première mention

A man and a woman were sitting opposite me.
We stayed at a hotel on holiday.
I saw an accident this morning.
A car crashed into a tree.

the — second mention / known

the — deuxième mention / connu

The man was American, but the woman was British.
Sometimes we ate at the hotel.
The driver of the car wasn’t hurt.
But the car was badly damaged.

B

Specific (the) vs Type/Category (a/an)

Spécifique (the) vs Type/Catégorie (a/an)

We use the when we are thinking of a specific thing. We use a/an when we say what kind of thing or person we mean.

Nous utilisons the quand nous pensons à une chose spécifique. Nous utilisons a/an quand nous décrivons de quel type de chose ou de personne il s’agit.

a/an — type or category

a/an — type ou catégorie

Tim sat down on a chair. (one of many)
Do you have a car? (any car)
We stayed at a very cheap hotel. (type)
Is there a bank near here? (any bank)
My sister is a dentist. (her job)

the — specific, identified

the — spécifique, identifié

Tim sat on the chair nearest the door. (specific)
I cleaned the car yesterday. (= my car)
The hotel where we stayed was very cheap. (specific)
I have to go to the bank today. (specific bank)
I don’t like going to the dentist. (in general)
💡
Superlatives always take the:Les superlatifs prennent toujours the : What’s the longest river in Europe? · We stayed at the most expensive hotel in town. · What’s the best way to learn a language? What’s the longest river in Europe? · We stayed at the most expensive hotel in town. · What’s the best way to learn a language?

C

The When Only One Exists — the light, the sky, the bank…

The Quand Il N’y En a Qu’un — the light, the sky, the bank…

We use the when it is clear from context which thing or person we mean — typically because there is only one.

Nous utilisons the quand le contexte indique clairement de quelle chose ou personne on parle — généralement parce qu’il n’y en a qu’un(e).

ExpressionExampleWhy the?
ExpressionExemplePourquoi the ?
the light / the floor / the ceiling / the doorCan you turn off the light?Only one light in this roomUne seule lumière dans cette pièce
the station / the managerI took a taxi to the station.Clear which place/personLieu/personne clairement identifié
the bank / the post officeI have to go to the bank.The one I normally useCelle que j’utilise habituellement
the doctor / the dentistClare has gone to the doctor.General expression for an appointmentExpression générale pour un rendez-vous
the cinema / the theatreI go to the cinema a lot.Leisure activity (general expression)Activité de loisir (expression générale)
the internetThe internet has changed the world.Only one internet existsIl n’existe qu’un seul internet
the sky / the sea / the earth / the moonI love the stars in the sky.Unique in our worldUnique dans notre monde
⚠️
TV vs the radio:TV vs the radio : We say watch TV (no article — TV as a medium). But we say listen to the radio (with the). When referring to the physical TV set: Can you turn off the television? On dit watch TV (sans article — TV comme médium). Mais on dit listen to the radio (avec the). Pour le poste de télévision physique : Can you turn off the television?
📌
The same:The same : Always use the with same: Your sweater is the same colour as mine. · Are these keys the same? Never say a same. Utilisez toujours the avec same : Your sweater is the same colour as mine. · Are these keys the same? Ne dites jamais a same.

D

Once a Week / Three Times a Day / £1.50 a Kilo

Once a Week / Three Times a Day / £1.50 a Kilo

We use a/an in expressions of frequency, rate, and price per unit. Think of it as meaning “per”.

Nous utilisons a/an dans les expressions de fréquence, de débit et de prix par unité. Pensez-y comme l’équivalent de « par ».

I go to the cinema about once a month.  ·  Helen works eight hours a day, six days a week.
‘How much are those potatoes?’   ‘£1.50 a kilo.’
I exercise three times a week.  ·  The speed limit is 50 miles an hour.
💡
Meals — no article needed:Repas — pas d’article : We usually say breakfast / lunch / dinner without the: What did you have for breakfast? · We had lunch in a nice restaurant. But with an adjective: We had a very nice lunch. On dit généralement breakfast / lunch / dinner sans the : What did you have for breakfast? · We had lunch in a nice restaurant. Mais avec un adjectif : We had a very nice lunch.
📌
No article: platform 5, room 126, size 43, page 29Pas d’article : platform 5, room 126, size 43, page 29 We say platform 5 (NOT the platform 5), room 126, size 43, vitamin A. The number already makes the reference specific enough. On dit platform 5 (PAS the platform 5), room 126, size 43, vitamin A. Le numéro rend la référence déjà assez spécifique.

a/an and the — Exercises with Answersa/an et the — Exercices avec Corrigé

Type a, an, or the · Check your answers instantly

Tapez a, an ou the · Vérifiez vos réponses instantanément

EX 1

Complete the story with a, an or the. (First mention → a/an; already known → the)

Complétez l’histoire avec a, an ou the. (1re mention → a/an ; déjà connu → the)

Type only the article: a, an, or the.

Tapez uniquement l’article : a, an ou the.

1.
This morning I bought book and magazine. book is in my bag, but I can’t remember where I put magazine.
This morning I bought book and magazine. book is in my bag, but I can’t remember where I put magazine.
2.
I saw accident this morning. car crashed into tree. driver of car wasn’t hurt, but car was badly damaged.
I saw accident this morning. car crashed into tree. driver of car wasn’t hurt, but car was badly damaged.
3.
There are two cars parked outside: blue one and grey one. blue one belongs to my neighbours. I don’t know who owner of grey one is.
There are two cars parked outside: blue one and grey one. blue one belongs to my neighbours. I don’t know who owner of grey one is.
4.
My friends live in old house in small village. There is beautiful garden behind house. I would like to have garden like that.
My friends live in old house in small village. There is beautiful garden behind house. I would like to have garden like that.
Answers:Réponses : 1. a · a · The · the  ·  2. an · A · a · The · the · the  ·  3. a · a · The · the · the  ·  4. an · a · a · the · a
EX 2

Complete with a or the. Notice how meaning changes between pairs.

Complétez avec a ou the. Observez comment le sens change selon les paires.

Type a or the in each blank.

Tapez a ou the dans chaque espace.

1a.
This house is very nice. Does it have garden? (does one exist?)
This house is very nice. Does it have garden? (en a-t-elle un ?)
1b.
It’s a beautiful day. Let’s sit in garden. (our garden)
It’s a beautiful day. Let’s sit in garden. (notre jardin)
2a.
Can you recommend good restaurant? (any good one)
Can you recommend good restaurant? (n’importe lequel)
2b.
We had dinner in best restaurant in town. (superlative → the)
We had dinner in best restaurant in town. (superlatif → the)
3a.
It’s not easy to get job at the moment. (any job)
It’s not easy to get job at the moment. (n’importe quel emploi)
3b.
Did Paula get job she applied for? (that specific job)
Did Paula get job she applied for? (cet emploi précis)
4a.
Is there bank near here? (does one exist?)
Is there bank near here? (en existe-t-il une ?)
4b.
I have to go to bank today. (my usual bank)
I have to go to bank today. (ma banque habituelle)
Answers:Réponses : 1a. a  ·  1b. the  ·  2a. a  ·  2b. the  ·  3a. a  ·  3b. the  ·  4a. a  ·  4b. the
EX 3

Add a, an or the where necessary. One blank per sentence.

Ajoutez a, an ou the là où c’est nécessaire. Un espace par phrase.

Focus on the light / the floor / the station / the doctor etc.

Attention à the light / the floor / the station / the doctor etc.

1.
How often do you go to dentist?
How often do you go to dentist?
2.
Can you close door, please?
Can you close door, please?
3.
I have problem. I need your help.
I have problem. I need your help.
4.
How far is it from here to station?
How far is it from here to station?
5.
I’m going to post office. I won’t be long.
I’m going to post office. I won’t be long.
6.
Paul plays tennis. He’s very good player.
Paul plays tennis. He’s very good player.
7.
There were no chairs, so we sat on floor.
There were no chairs, so we sat on floor.
8.
Have you finished with book I lent you?
Have you finished with book I lent you?
9.
Your sweater is same colour as mine.
Your sweater is same colour as mine.
10.
I’d like to speak to manager, please.
I’d like to speak to manager, please.
Answers:Réponses : 1. the  ·  2. the  ·  3. a  ·  4. the  ·  5. the  ·  6. a  ·  7. the  ·  8. the  ·  9. the  ·  10. the
EX 4

Complete with a or an to express frequency, rate, or price per unit.

Complétez avec a ou an pour exprimer la fréquence, le débit ou le prix par unité.

1.
I go to the cinema about once month.
I go to the cinema about once month.
2.
These apples cost £2.50 kilo.
These apples cost £2.50 kilo.
3.
Helen works eight hours day, six days week.
Helen works eight hours day, six days week.
4.
The doctor said I should exercise three times week.
The doctor said I should exercise three times week.
5.
The speed limit on this road is 70 miles hour.
The speed limit on this road is 70 miles hour.
Answers:Réponses : 1. a  ·  2. a  ·  3. a · a  ·  4. a  ·  5. an (before vowel sound)

Frequently Asked Questions — a/an and the

Questions Fréquentes — a/an et the

When do I use ‘a/an’ and when do I use ‘the’? Quand utiliser ‘a/an’ et quand utiliser ‘the’ ?

Use a/an when you introduce something for the first time, or when you say what kind of thing it is. Use the when both the speaker and listener know which specific thing is meant — because it was already mentioned, or because there is only one (the door, the sky, the post office).

Utilisez a/an quand vous introduisez quelque chose pour la première fois, ou quand vous décrivez de quel type de chose il s’agit. Utilisez the quand le locuteur et l’auditeur savent tous deux de quelle chose spécifique il s’agit — parce qu’elle a déjà été mentionnée, ou parce qu’il n’en existe qu’une (the door, the sky, the post office).

Why ‘the bank’ but ‘a bank near here’? Pourquoi ‘the bank’ mais ‘a bank near here’ ?

I have to go to the bank = my usual, specific bank. The listener understands which one. Is there a bank near here? = asking if any bank exists in the area — not a specific one.

I have to go to the bank = ma banque habituelle, spécifique. L’auditeur comprend laquelle. Is there a bank near here? = demander si une banque quelconque existe dans le quartier — pas de banque précise.

Why ‘the cinema’ and ‘the radio’ but just ‘TV’? Pourquoi ‘the cinema’ et ‘the radio’ mais juste ‘TV’ ?

These are fixed expressions. We say go to the cinema, go to the theatre, and listen to the radio — all with the. But we say watch TV without the. When referring to the physical TV set in a room: turn off the television.

Ce sont des expressions figées. On dit go to the cinema, go to the theatre et listen to the radio — tous avec the. Mais on dit watch TV sans the.

Why ‘once a week’ and not ‘once per week’ or ‘once the week’? Pourquoi ‘once a week’ et non ‘once per week’ ou ‘once the week’ ?

In English, a/an is used in frequency and rate expressions: once a week, three times a day, £1.50 a kilo, 80 miles an hour. Never say once the week. The word “per” also exists in formal English but a/an is the standard everyday form.

En anglais, a/an s’utilise dans les expressions de fréquence et de débit : once a week, three times a day, £1.50 a kilo. Ne dites jamais once the week.

🎯 Unit 72 · MCQ QuizUnité 72 · Quiz QCM

a/an and the — Quiz

a/an et the — Quiz

200-question bank · configurable session · instant feedback

Banque de 200 questions · session configurable · correction immédiate

200 Questions A2 · B1 PDF ✓

⚙️ Quiz SettingsParamètres

Unit 72 Quiz

Quiz Unité 72

20 questions

out ofsur questionsquestions
Correct
Correctes
Wrong
Incorrectes
Skipped
Sautées

PrepMyEnglish™

Learn and speak better English

Apprenez et parlez un meilleur anglais

To use reCAPTCHA, you need to add the API Key and complete the setup process in Dashboard > Elementor > Settings > Integrations > reCAPTCHA.