Le gérondif et l’infinitif en anglais

Le gérondif et l’infinitif en anglais ne sont pas des verbes conjugués. Dans une phrase, ils sont des actions utilisés comme sujets ou COD, etc.

  • John suggested English.

studying

  • Travis suggested English.

to study

Si vous n’êtes pas capable de dire laquelle de ces deux phrases est incorrecte, c’est que, comme beaucoup d’autres apprenants d’anglais, vous avez du mal à différencier quand utiliser le gérondif et quand utiliser l’infinitif du verbe en anglais. C’est pourquoi nous avons préparé cet article pour vous aider à comprendre ce qu’elles sont et quand les utiliser afin que vous puissiez parler comme un locuteur natif. Lisez donc cet article et faites le test à la fin.

Gerund or Infintive - Quiz

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1. We are all looking forward _______________you next Saturday.

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2. Neill Armstrong was the first man _______________ his foot on the moon’s surface.

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3. It’s no use ______________ with him. He has already decided _____________ on the project alone.

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4. I had a lot of trouble _______________ into the house. Nobody seemed___________ where the key
was.

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5. I wanted my son _________________ up in a peaceful neighbourhood.

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6. Tom advised me ______________ the house because it wasn’t of any use to me.

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7. The police have put up a barrier _____________ travellers from _________________ out of the station.

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8. Do you feel like ______________ out or would you rather_____________ at home?

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9. I got used _______________ to work because the office was only a few minutes from home.

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10. We suggested____________ in hotel rooms, but our children were anxious ________________.

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11. I heard the clock ________________ six.

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12. Mike remained ___________ when the old woman entered the room.

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13. Do you mind my ________________ in your presence? (SMOKE)

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14. It is important for young people ____________________ as many foreign languages as
possible.

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15. Don't go on _______________ such an arrogant guy. Try to be more friendly.

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16. We convinced her ______________ with us to the movies.

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17. I remember _______________ a new USB stick, but I don't know where I put it.

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18. I'd enjoy _______________ part of my gap year abroad.

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19. I agreed _____________ load the dishwasher this week.

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20. We are looking forward ______________ to India next summer. It's said ______________ a wonderful country.
country.

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21. We need to be at the train station in half an hour, so I suggest ________________ now.

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22. The doctor advised us _________________ some proper medicine with us when we go to Africa.

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23. I'm so bad at _______________ people's names. I always seem ____________ them up.

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24. I was surprised _____________________ such a good performance because all the actors were amateurs.

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25. The new coach made us ______________ harder and, as a result, we won the next game.

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26. Students are not allowed ______________ on the lawn.

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27. Mom, I'm tired of _______________ the same things all the time. Can't you make something different for a change?

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28. I stopped ______________ lunch in the school cafeteria because it didn't taste good anymore.

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29. I'm fed up with ____________ my little brother to school every day. He is old enough ____________ alone.

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30. My sister won't let me __________ her new dress.

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31. We couldn't avoid _________________ into him on our way to town.

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32. The teacher made us _____________ in class after school because we misbehaved.

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33. Dad must give up _______________ unhealthy food. He is getting a bit overweight.

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34. It's easy ______________ why many people like food from other countries.

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35. I am looking forward ______________ you at the dinner party.

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36. My mum remembers _______________ the Millers, so I don't know why they're not here yet.

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37. My parents allowed me _____________ to the cinema with a few friends.

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38. The teacher insisted on my parents __________________ over to school for a chat

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39. I don't feel like __________________ in the park today. Let's go tomorrow.

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40. I can't help_____________________. That joke was so funny.

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41. The travel agent advised us __________________ around after dark.

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42. Did you have any trouble ________________ the house ?

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43. It's no use ________________ with him. He won't listen to you.

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44. After a few miles he stopped on the motorway ________________ some cigarettes

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45. Women were given the right ___________________ in the first part of the 20th century.

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46. I happened ___________________ in the neighbourhood, so I thought I'd pay you a visit

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47. Have you ever let your friend _____________ your new tablet ?

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48. My boss warned me  __________________ finishing the project.

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49. Jenny is good at _______________children ______________ down properly at the table.

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50. My dad used _______________ after dinner, but he doesn't do that anymore

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51. She advised us __________________ there alone. It could be very dangerous

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52. I enjoyed _________________ with you for the holidays. It was marvellous.

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53. I am absolutely against ________________ the house without any money in our savings account.

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54. My grandfather gave up__________________ a few years ago. He’s too old to sit behind a steering
wheel.

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55. It's impossible _________________ on this pitch because the ball won't bounce.

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56. He spends all his spare time ________________ stamps and coins.

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57. When I was in London, I managed ___________________ almost all the important sights, despite the little
time I had.

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58. For some people it's difficult to get used _________________ up early in the morning.

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59. Dad demanded ___________________ what I was doing up at this time of the night.

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60. I regret________________that the event must be cancelled due to the circumstances.

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61. She can't tolerate ________________ the centre of attention.

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62. I managed to balance my account without _______________ out a new loan.

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63. I would like to know why he insisted on_______________ this alone

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64. I blamed him for _________________ me with my homework. That's why I got a bad mark.

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65. They accused his youngest son of ________________ the fence.

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66. It's impossible _________________ on this pitch because the ball won't bounce.

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67. It's not her job _______________ the dog for a walk

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68. The boss reminded me _______________the report by next Saturday.

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69. We stopped_________________ to the bathroom and have a snack before continuing our trip.

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70. We're thinking of _______________ to Berlin by train. It's much cheaper and more comfortable than ____________ by car.

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71. He somehow managed ____________ his exams. Nobody thought he would succeed in doing so.

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72. She apologized for _______________ enough time with her two daughters.

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73. He decided ________________ to school on Saturday.

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74. When you finish ______________up the garage you can start _____________ the car.

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75. My dad never admits ________________ any mistakes. He thinks he's perfect.

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76. I can't afford _____________ a new car. I haven't got enough money.

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77. His doctor advised him ______________ up _____________.

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78. I warned him not ______________the freshly painted walls.

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79. We stopped___________ to the bathroom and have a snack before _________________ our trip.

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80. My husband blamed me for _______________ to have a second child.

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81. We are very anxious ____________ a plane for the first time.

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82. Mom told her to stop ____________ such strange noises.

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83. English is a lot easier _______________ than French or other languages.

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84. The thief admitted______________the money from the old woman.

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85. The kidnappers threatened ________________ their hostages.

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86. We are looking forward ______________ you next week.

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87. The shop assistant warned us ____________ the flowers.

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88. The teacher demanded_______________why we hadn't cleaned the blackboard.

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89. Anna denied ____________ the vase.

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90. They couldn't help ____________ when she tripped over the carpet.

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91. Our boss convinced everyone ___________ longer hours.

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92. My dad insisted on ____________ me the money for the tickets.

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93. Have you considered ______________ the house?

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94. I reminded him _____________a few things on his way home from work.

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95. I hate it when the phone keeps_______________ all the time. It's disgusting!

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96. We chose __________ to Mark's engagement party.

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97. The members of the council have delayed _______________a decision.

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98. She stopped _____________ a newspaper on her way home.

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99. We'll get everything finished, even if it means _______________ up late at night.

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100. I don't remember _____________ for help. I wonder why he's here.

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101. The new job will involve you _______________ some time in Europe.

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102. I can't afford _______________ a job at the moment. I really need the money.

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103. I am absolutely against _________________ the house without any money in our savings account.

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104. We are so proud of ____________________ in such a wonderful country.

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105. She came into my room without_________________.

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106. She was the first woman _________________ across the English Channel.

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107. Could you two girls please stop __________________?

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108. I begged her not ______________ the teacher.

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109. They decided to take a plane to Berlin instead of______________there.

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110. I have a friend who claims ______________able to speak 5 languages.

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111. He suggested _______________ the car here instead of _____________ home.

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112. I have given up ________________ newspapers. There’s nothing in them anymore.

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113. Do you know anything about ___________________ stamps?

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114. The teacher accused the students of _____________.

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115. I was far from _________________a word he said.

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116. It is important to _______________the net for more information.

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117. They finally decided _______________their apartment.

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118. It’s no use __________________ over spilt milk.

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119. Would you mind ______________ the letter for me. It’s very important.

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120. The questions won’t be difficult _________________.

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121. When I saw her the first time I couldn’t help _______________. She was so lovely to look at

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122. My dad is really good at ______________.

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123. Margaret enjoys _______________ to music

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124. When she was a teenager, she was keen on ________________ a doctor.

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125. Stop __________now! You’re such a big girl!

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126. The aquarium needs _________________.

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127. My mother made me _______________ the medicine, even though I hated the taste.

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128. The government urged their citizens __________________ more waste.

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129. She promised ______________ biting nails.

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130. She couldn’t bear ________________ on so much responsibility. That’s why she quit her job.

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131. Most European countries don’t allow  ________________ in bars and restaurants.

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132. Can you imagine ________________ the painting before the Christmas holidays?

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133. I forgot ______________ the door when I left.

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134. We were all looking forward ______________the New Year in New York.

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135. We are planning_______________to Europe this summer.

Your score is

The average score is 13%

L’infinitif en anglais

 

La forme infinitive du verbe est la forme de base du verbe telle qu’elle apparaît dans un dictionnaire. Pour l’écrire, il suffit d’ajouter « to » devant le verbe. To + verbeto sing = chanterto dance = danserto play = jouerto study = étudierto speak = parlerto eat = mangerLes verbes à l’infinitif, comme leur nom l’indique, sont « non finis », c’est-à-dire qu’ils ne constituent pas le verbe principal d’une phrase.L’infinitif peut prendre la place d’un nom, d’un adjectif ou d’un adverbe dans une phrase. L’infinitif peut être sujet ou objet.

 

Le gérondif en anglais

 
 

Les gérondifs sont des mots qui ont l’apparence d’un verbe à la forme du participe présent, également appelée forme « ing » du verbe, mais qui n’ont pas la fonction d’un verbe dans la phrase, mais plutôt celle d’un nom. En d’autres termes, il ne s’agit pas d’une action accomplie par le sujet, mais d’une référence à une activité.

Prenons ces deux phrases. Pouvez-vous dire laquelle est un gérondif et laquelle est un participe présent ?

  • I am dancing ballet. (Je danse le ballet.)
  • I enjoy dancing ballet. (J’aime danser le ballet.)

Dans quelle phrase le sujet fait-il l’action ?

Dans quelle phrase le sujet parle-t-il d’une activité ?

Dans la première phrase, le sujet fait l’action de danser. Le verbe  » am dancing » est conjugué au présent continu, « je danse ». Dans la deuxième phrase, le gérondif « dancing », le sujet ne t pas l’action, mais décrit une activité qu’il aime faire.

 
 

Le gérondif OU l’infinitif en anglais

 
 

Les gérondifs et les infinitifs peuvent tous deux être le sujet ou l’objet d’une phrase, c’est pourquoi de nombreux apprenants les confondent.

Regardez ces trois phrases et essayez d’identifier si elles utilisent un gérondif ou un infinitif comme sujet ou objet d’une phrase.

Les fonctions de gerondif et infinitif dans une phrase: 

Correcte ou incorrecte?

1. Sujet

  • is interesting.

Reading booksCorrecte 

  • is interesting. 

To read booksCorrecte 

2. COD

  • I like .

reading booksCorrecte 

  • I like . 

to read booksCorrecte 

3. Complement de préposition: 

  • I am interested in . Correcte 

reading books

  • I am interested in .

to read booksIncorrecte 

4. Complement de verbe (Be)

  • My hobby is .  

reaading booksCorrecte

  • My hobby is . 

to read booksCorrecte 

 

Verbes + Le gérondif OU l’infinitif

 
 

Malgré les similitudes entre les deux formes, il est important de ne pas les confondre, car tout le sens de votre phrase peut être transformé. Prenons l’exemple suivant.

  • We . = Nous avons arrêté d’écouter la musique.

stoppedlistening to the music

  • We . = Nous nous sommes arrêtés pour écouter la musique.

stoppedto listen to the music

Ces deux phrases ont pour sujet « Nous », pour verbe principal « s’arrêter » et pour objet « écouter la musique ». Cependant, le sens change complètement d’une forme à l’autre.

Dans la première phrase, nous supposons que nous écoutions de la musique et que nous avons cessé d’écouter.

Dans la deusième, nous supposons que nous étions en train de faire autre chose, une autre activité, que nous avons interrompue pour pouvoir écouter la musique. Des significations complètement opposées. C’est pourquoi il est essentiel de comprendre quand et comment utiliser which. 

  • Il existe des verbes qui sont suivis des deux formes, gérondif et infinitif, sans changement de sens:– I . – I .

liketo read books
likereading books

  • Il existe des verbes qui sont suivis des deux formes, gérondif et infinitif, mais avec un changement de sens:– I . – I .

stoppedto talk to John
stoppedtalking to John

  • Il existe des verbes qui ne sont suivis que d’un gérondif:– I . – I .

suggest going to the gym
suggest to go to the gymincorrecte

  • Il existe des verbes qui ne sont suivis que de l’infinitif:– I . – I .

want to go to the gym
want goingto the gym incorrecte

Alors, comment peut-on savoir comment utiliser correctement l’une ou l’autre de ces formes ?

Il existe sept règles principales à prendre en compte pour décider si vous devez utiliser un gérondif ou un infinitif dans une phrase.

 
 
 

1. Verbs followed by gerunds

 
 

Some verbs are always followed by gerunds.

Here are some of them:

  • consider                             You should consider extra lessons.

taking

  • discuss                               They were discussing the possibility of on holiday. 

going

  • enjoy                                   She enjoys out on long walks.

going

  • finish                                   She just finished .

studying

  • practice                               Let’s practice . 

singing

  • quit                                      I quit sugar.

eating

  • recommend                         I recommend online.

shopping

  • suggest                                I suggest up right now.

packing

After any or these verbs, use the gerund.

 
 

2. Verbs followed by infinitives

 
 

Some verbs are always followed by infinitives.

Here are some of them:

  • agree                             We agreed  to class early.

to go

  • decide                           They decided a bit longer. 

to wait

  • hope                              She hopesLondon next year.

 to go to 

  • learn                              She is learning the piano.

to play

  • need                              They needed . 

to call the Doctor

  • offer                               I offered him home.

to drive 

  • plan                               I planned  her up at the airport.

to pick

  • promise                         He promised to me.

to write

  • want                              She wanted 

to go shopping.

After any or these verbs, use the infinitive.

 
 

3. Verbs followed by either gerunds or infinitives

 

The following verbs can be used before gerunds and infinitives without changing the meaning:

  • begin                             We began  Portuguese classes.

to take / taking

  • continue                        They continued  for three hours.

to talk / talking 

  • hate                               She hates math.

 to study / studying 

  • like                                She likes in the shower.

to sing / singing

  • love                               They love . 

to dance / dancing salsa

  • prefer                            I prefer  home.

to stay / staying 

  • start                               I will start for the marathon.

to train / training

After any or these verbs, use either the infinitive or the gerund.

 
 
 

4. Subject of the sentence

 
 

When writing the subject of a sentence, use a gerund. Gerunds are usually used as subjects instead of infinitives. Infinitives are often used as objects. 

Correct                                      Incorrect

is my passion.             

HikingTo hike is my passion. 

My passion is to hike.

My passion is to hiking

 
 

5. Infinitive after an adjective

 

Usually, adjectives are followed by infinitives.

Here are some examples:

I was my friends again.

thrilledto see

Is it difficult Chinese?

to speak

 

6. Gerund after a preposition

 

After prepositions use gerunds.

Here are some examples

I thought   a new book. 

aboutwriting

Did you plan  

ontelling him the truth?

 

7. After a noun or a pronoun

After a noun or a pronoun you should always use the infinitive.

The teacher told .her student to pay attention

We asked with us to the exposition. Williamto come

Your quiz

 

Results

#1. We discussed ____________________ (go) to the restaurant, but we were too tired ____________________ (go) out.

#2. You can learn a lot online without ____________________ (have) ____________________ (pay) a fortune.

#3. I enjoy ____________________ (write) picture postcards.

#4. I promise ____________________ (help) you after I finish dinner.

#5. My mum expected me ____________________ (be) home before midnight.

#6. I’ll try _______(solve) the puzzle.

#7. They decided ____________________ (buy) a new car.

#8. They hope _______(win) the championship.

#9. I would love for you ____________________ (come) to the party with me.

#10. We intend _______(launch) a new product line.

#11. He stopped _______(to ask) for directions.

#12. We are committed _______(improve) our community.

#13. Do remember _______(lock) the door?

#14. Jerry has given up ____________________ (smoke) .

#15. Have they got any work left ____________________(do)?

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Results

#1. My boss often gets me _________________ (complete) reports in a short timeframe.

#2. Friends often help me _________________ (prepare) for important exams.

#3. The pressure sometimes gets people _________________ (make) hasty decisions.

#4. He demanded ______________ (speak) to the manager.

#5. I won’t let a colleague _________________ (take) credit for my hard work.

#6. I’ve finished ______________ (cook). Come and eat!

#7. She mentioned _________________ (go) to the cinema, but I don’t know what she decided to do in the end.

#8. Teachers frequently make students _________________ (present) in class to build confidence.

#9. She waited ______________ (buy) a drink.

#10. I’d hate ______________ (arrive) too late.

#11. It tends _________________ (rain) a lot in Scotland.

#12. Unfortunately, we can’t afford ______________ (buy) a new car this year.

#13. She avoided ______________ (tell) him about her plans.

#14. They plan ______________ (start) college in the autumn.

#15. He claims _________________ (be) a millionaire but I don’t believe him.

#16. Don’t worry; I’ll let you _________________ (use) my laptop for your project.

#17. She helped me ______________ (carry) my suitcases.

#18. She suggested ______________ (go) to the museum.

#19. I don’t want ______________ (leave) yet.

#20. She completed _________________ (paint) her flat.

#21. I chose ______________ (work) here.

#22. Can you imagine_________________ (live) without TV?

#23. I anticipate _________________ (arrive) on Tuesday.

#24. I don’t fancy ______________ (go) out tonight.

#25. We hope ______________ (visit) Amsterdam next month.

#26. I understand _________________ (be) late once or twice, but every day is too much!

#27. I promise ______________ (help) you tomorrow.

#28. Friends have often helped me _________________ (choose) the perfect gifts for my family.

#29. I would prefer you _________________ (come) early if you can.

#30. She has been helping me _________________ (organize) the charity event next month.

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